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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/ChemPRIME_(Moore_et_al.)/15%3A_Thermodynamics-_Atoms_Molecules_and_Energy/15.11%3A_Bond_Enthalpies_and_Exothermic_or_Endothermic_ReactionsThe bond enthalpy of the O―H bond is not much different in magnitude from those of the C―H and O=O bonds which it replaces: All lie between 400 and 500 kJ mol –1 . The determining factor making this r...The bond enthalpy of the O―H bond is not much different in magnitude from those of the C―H and O=O bonds which it replaces: All lie between 400 and 500 kJ mol –1 . The determining factor making this reaction exothermic is the exceedingly large bond enthalpy of the C=O bond which at 803 kJ mol –1 is almost twice as great as for the other bonds involved in the reaction.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Inorganic_Chemistry_(LibreTexts)/08%3A_Chemistry_of_the_Main_Group_Elements/8.13%3A_The_Halogens/8.13.02%3A_Chemical_Properties_of_the_Halogens/8.13.2.07%3A_The_Acidity_of_the_Hydrogen_HalidesThis page discusses the acidity of the hydrogen halides: hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide and hydrogen iodide. It begins by describing their physical properties and synthesis and...This page discusses the acidity of the hydrogen halides: hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide and hydrogen iodide. It begins by describing their physical properties and synthesis and then explains what happens when they react with water to make acids such as hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/Chem1_(Lower)/14%3A_Thermochemistry/14.06%3A_Applications_of_ThermochemistryVirtually all chemical processes involve the absorption or release of heat, and thus changes in the internal energy of the system. In this section, we survey some of the more common chemistry-related ...Virtually all chemical processes involve the absorption or release of heat, and thus changes in the internal energy of the system. In this section, we survey some of the more common chemistry-related applications of enthalpy and the First Law. While the first two sections relate mainly to chemistry, the remaining ones impact the everyday lives of everyone.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/Map%3A_Structure_and_Properties_(Tro)/10%3A_Thermochemistry/10.09%3A_Determining_Enthalpies_of_Reaction_from_Bond_EnergiesIf we restrict our attention to gases, and hence to fairly simple molecules, we can go quite a long way toward predicting whether a reaction will be exothermic by considering the bonds which are broke...If we restrict our attention to gases, and hence to fairly simple molecules, we can go quite a long way toward predicting whether a reaction will be exothermic by considering the bonds which are broken and made in the course of the reaction. In other sections we point out that when a chemical bond forms, negative charges move closer to positive charges than before, and so there is a lowering of the energy of the molecule relative to the atoms from which it was made.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Descriptive_Chemistry/Elements_Organized_by_Block/2_p-Block_Elements/Group_17%3A_The_Halogens/1Group_17%3A_General_Reactions/The_Acidity_of_the_Hydrogen_HalidesThis page discusses the acidity of the hydrogen halides: hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide and hydrogen iodide. It begins by describing their physical properties and synthesis and...This page discusses the acidity of the hydrogen halides: hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide and hydrogen iodide. It begins by describing their physical properties and synthesis and then explains what happens when they react with water to make acids such as hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/ChemPRIME_(Moore_et_al.)/15%3A_Thermodynamics-_Atoms_Molecules_and_Energy/15.10%3A_Bond_EnthalpiesIf we restrict our attention to gases, and hence to fairly simple molecules, we can go quite a long way toward predicting whether a reaction will be exothermic by considering the bonds which are broke...If we restrict our attention to gases, and hence to fairly simple molecules, we can go quite a long way toward predicting whether a reaction will be exothermic by considering the bonds which are broken and made in the course of the reaction. In other sections we point out that when a chemical bond forms, negative charges move closer to positive charges than before, and so there is a lowering of the energy of the molecule relative to the atoms from which it was made.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Westminster_College/CHE_180_-_Inorganic_Chemistry/14%3A_Chapter_14_-_p-Block_Elements/14.5%3A_Group_17/Chemical_Properties_of_the_Halogens/The_Acidity_of_the_Hydrogen_HalidesThis page discusses the acidity of the hydrogen halides: hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide and hydrogen iodide. It begins by describing their physical properties and synthesis and...This page discusses the acidity of the hydrogen halides: hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide and hydrogen iodide. It begins by describing their physical properties and synthesis and then explains what happens when they react with water to make acids such as hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid.
