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  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/can/CHEM_210%3A_General_Chemistry_I_(An_Atoms_Up_Approach)/13%3A_Thermochemistry/13.03%3A__Enthalpy_H_and_Heat_of_Reaction
    For a chemical reaction, the enthalpy of reaction (ΔHrxn) is the difference in enthalpy between products and reactants; the units of ΔHrxn are kilojoules per mole. Reversing a chemical r...For a chemical reaction, the enthalpy of reaction (ΔHrxn) is the difference in enthalpy between products and reactants; the units of ΔHrxn are kilojoules per mole. Reversing a chemical reaction reverses the sign of ΔHrxn.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/can/CHEM_210%3A_General_Chemistry_I_(An_Atoms_Up_Approach)/zz%3A_Back_Matter/20%3A_Glossary
    Example and Directions Words (or words that have the same definition) The definition is case sensitive (Optional) Image to display with the definition [Not displayed in Glossary, only in pop-up on pag...Example and Directions Words (or words that have the same definition) The definition is case sensitive (Optional) Image to display with the definition [Not displayed in Glossary, only in pop-up on pages] (Optional) Caption for Image (Optional) External or Internal Link (Optional) Source for Definition "Genetic, Hereditary, DNA ...") (Eg. "Relating to genes or heredity") The infamous double helix CC-BY-SA; Delmar Larsen Glossary Entries Definition Image Sample Word 1 Sample Definition 1
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/can/CHEM_210%3A_General_Chemistry_I_(An_Atoms_Up_Approach)/16%3A_Solids_Liquids_and_Phase_Changes/16.04%3A_Phase_Diagrams
    The states of matter exhibited by a substance under different temperatures and pressures can be summarized graphically in a phase diagram, which is a plot of pressure versus temperature. Phase diagram...The states of matter exhibited by a substance under different temperatures and pressures can be summarized graphically in a phase diagram, which is a plot of pressure versus temperature. Phase diagrams contain discrete regions corresponding to the solid, liquid, and gas phases. The solid and liquid regions are separated by the melting curve of the substance, and the liquid and gas regions are separated by its vapor pressure curve, which ends at the critical point.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/can/CHEM_210%3A_General_Chemistry_I_(An_Atoms_Up_Approach)/05%3A_The_Quantum_Model_of_the_Atom/5.05%3A_Wave-Particle_Duality_of_Matter
    While the photoelectron effect demonstrated that light can be wave-like and particle-like (e.g., "photon"), de Broglie demonstrated that matter also exhibits wave-like and particle-like behavior.  The...While the photoelectron effect demonstrated that light can be wave-like and particle-like (e.g., "photon"), de Broglie demonstrated that matter also exhibits wave-like and particle-like behavior.  The connection between de Broglie wavelength and standing waves helped the understanding of Bohr's atom model.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/can/CHEM_210%3A_General_Chemistry_I_(An_Atoms_Up_Approach)/zz%3A_Back_Matter
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/can/CHEM_210%3A_General_Chemistry_I_(An_Atoms_Up_Approach)/01%3A_Chemistry_is_the_Science_of_Everything
    Chemistry deals with the composition, structure, and properties of matter, and the ways by which various forms of matter may be interconverted. Thus, it occupies a central place in the study and pract...Chemistry deals with the composition, structure, and properties of matter, and the ways by which various forms of matter may be interconverted. Thus, it occupies a central place in the study and practice of science and technology. Chemists use the scientific method to perform experiments, pose hypotheses, and formulate laws and develop theories, so that they can better understand the behavior of the natural world. To do so, they operate in the macroscopic, microscopic, and symbolic domains.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/can/CHEM_210%3A_General_Chemistry_I_(An_Atoms_Up_Approach)/04%3A_Atoms_and_Elements/4.01%3A_Evidence_for_Atoms_-_Brownian_Motion
    Brownian motion is the random motion of particles suspended in a fluid (a liquid or a gas) resulting from their collision with the fast-moving atoms or molecules in the gas or liquid.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/can/CHEM_210%3A_General_Chemistry_I_(An_Atoms_Up_Approach)/12%3A_Aqueous_Reactions/12.05%3A_Stoichiometry_of_Aqueous_Reactions
    Video: \PageIndex2: 3'30" YouTube video calculating the mass precipitate formed by complete consumption of the limiting reagent for the dissolution of 10 g of copper(II) sulfate into 500.0 mL of...Video: \PageIndex2: 3'30" YouTube video calculating the mass precipitate formed by complete consumption of the limiting reagent for the dissolution of 10 g of copper(II) sulfate into 500.0 mL of 0.100 M sodium phosphate (https://youtu.be/Vh3Je39bgQc) Calculate the concentration (molarity) of excess phosphate when 10 g of copper(II) sulfate is dissolved into 500.0 mL of 0.100 M sodium phosphate (note: the real reaction is expressed by the net ionic equation:
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/can/CHEM_210%3A_General_Chemistry_I_(An_Atoms_Up_Approach)/05%3A_The_Quantum_Model_of_the_Atom/5.04%3A_The_Bohr_Model_of_The_Atom
    There is an intimate connection between the atomic structure of an atom and its spectral characteristics. Most light is polychromatic and contains light of many wavelengths. Light that has only a sing...There is an intimate connection between the atomic structure of an atom and its spectral characteristics. Most light is polychromatic and contains light of many wavelengths. Light that has only a single wavelength is monochromatic and is produced by devices called lasers, which use transitions between two atomic energy levels to produce light in a very narrow range of wavelengths. Atoms can also absorb light of certain energies, resulting in a transition from the ground state or a lower-energy e
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/can/CHEM_210%3A_General_Chemistry_I_(An_Atoms_Up_Approach)/16%3A_Solids_Liquids_and_Phase_Changes/16.07%3A_Solids
    The major types of solids are ionic, molecular, covalent, and metallic. Ionic solids consist of positively and negatively charged ions held together by electrostatic forces; the strength of the bondin...The major types of solids are ionic, molecular, covalent, and metallic. Ionic solids consist of positively and negatively charged ions held together by electrostatic forces; the strength of the bonding is reflected in the lattice energy. Ionic solids tend to have high melting points and are rather hard. Molecular solids are held together by relatively weak forces, such as dipole–dipole interactions, hydrogen bonds, and London dispersion forces. Metallic solids have unusual properties.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/can/CHEM_210%3A_General_Chemistry_I_(An_Atoms_Up_Approach)/06%3A_Periodic_Law_and_Periodic_Properties_of_the_Elements/6.05%3A_Periodic_Trends
    Page notifications Off Share Table of contents Periodic trends are specific patterns that are present in the periodic table that illustrate different aspects of a certain element, including its siz...Page notifications Off Share Table of contents Periodic trends are specific patterns that are present in the periodic table that illustrate different aspects of a certain element, including its size and its electronic properties. Major periodic trends include: electronegativity, ionization energy, electron affinity, atomic radius, melting point, and metallic character. Periodic trends, arising from the arrangement of the periodic table, provide chemists with an invaluable tool.

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