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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Sandboxes/khaas/Inorganic_Chemistry_II_(CHEM4210)/09%3A_Inorganic_Materials_and_Nanotechnology/9.01%3A_Basic_Science_of_Nanomaterials/9.1.04%3A__Synthesis_of_Semiconductor_Nanocrystals[5] The keys to this synthesis were (1) to use non-aqueous solvents and capping ligands to stabilize the products against ripening, (2) to carry out the reaction at high temperature to ensure good cry...[5] The keys to this synthesis were (1) to use non-aqueous solvents and capping ligands to stabilize the products against ripening, (2) to carry out the reaction at high temperature to ensure good crystallinity, and (3) to separate the steps of particle nucleation and growth, and thereby obtain particles of uniform size.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Sandboxes/khaas/Inorganic_Chemistry_II_(CHEM4210)/09%3A_Inorganic_Materials_and_Nanotechnology/9.01%3A_Basic_Science_of_Nanomaterials/9.1.01%3A_Prelude_to_Basic_Science_of_NanomaterialsAll of them derive some special property and utility from nanoscale materials: ordinary elements and inorganic compounds such as gold, silver, TiO 2 , chromium, SiO 2 , and silicon that acquire differ...All of them derive some special property and utility from nanoscale materials: ordinary elements and inorganic compounds such as gold, silver, TiO 2 , chromium, SiO 2 , and silicon that acquire different properties when their characteristic dimensions are somewhere between 1 and 100 nm. In this chapter we will learn about the basic science of nanomaterials, i.e., what it is about their size that makes them different.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Northern_Michigan_University/CH_215%3A_Chemistry_of_the_Elements_Fall_2023/05%3A_Solids_and_Solid-State_Chemistry/5.12%3A_Basic_Science_of_Nanomaterials/5.12.02%3A_Physics_and_Length_Scales-_Cavity_Laser_Coulomb_Blockade_Nanoscale_MagnetsThe magnitude of the capacitance C is determined by the permittivity ε and the dimensions of the dielectric layer, A and d. For a ferro- or ferrimagnet this energy is equal to Mr 3 , where M is the ma...The magnitude of the capacitance C is determined by the permittivity ε and the dimensions of the dielectric layer, A and d. For a ferro- or ferrimagnet this energy is equal to Mr 3 , where M is the magnetic energy per unit volume and r is the characteristic dimension (e.g., the length of the edge of a cube, or the diameter of a sphere) of the magnetic grain.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Northern_Michigan_University/CH_215%3A_Chemistry_of_the_Elements_Fall_2023/05%3A_Solids_and_Solid-State_Chemistry/5.12%3A_Basic_Science_of_Nanomaterials/5.12.05%3A_Surface_EnergyExample: The sublimation energy of bulk gold is 334 kJ/mol, and the surface energy is 1.5 J/m 2 . What percentage of the bulk bonding energy is lost by atoms at the (111) surface of a gold crystal? As...Example: The sublimation energy of bulk gold is 334 kJ/mol, and the surface energy is 1.5 J/m 2 . What percentage of the bulk bonding energy is lost by atoms at the (111) surface of a gold crystal? Assuming that the entropy of fusion is the same in the bulk and in the nanocrystal, the melting point of the nanocrystal should be \(1234K \times (\frac{5.1}{11.3}) = 557K = 284^{\circ} C\), a drop of almost 700 degrees from the bulk value.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Northern_Michigan_University/CH_215%3A_Chemistry_of_the_Elements_Fall_2023/05%3A_Solids_and_Solid-State_Chemistry/5.12%3A_Basic_Science_of_Nanomaterials/5.12.08%3A_Discussion_QuestionsExplain how separating the nucleation and growth steps leads to nanoparticles of uniform size. A recent paper by Delia Milliron and coworkers (Nature, 2013, 500, 323–326, doi:10.1038/nature12398) desc...Explain how separating the nucleation and growth steps leads to nanoparticles of uniform size. A recent paper by Delia Milliron and coworkers (Nature, 2013, 500, 323–326, doi:10.1038/nature12398) describes plasmonic indium-tin-oxide (ITO) nanoparticles that can control the infrared transparency of windows. Explain how the plasmon resonance wavelength of the nanoparticles can be tuned by electrochemical doping, and how the invention could save some of the energy used to heat and cool buildings.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Tennessee_State_University/CHEM_4210%3A_Inorganic_Chem_II_(Siddiquee)/09%3A_Inorganic_Materials_and_Nanotechnology/9.01%3A_Electronic_Properties_of_Materials_-_Superconductors_and_Semiconductors/9.1.02%3A_Metal-Insulator_TransitionsUnder experimentally accessible temperatures and pressures, Si and Ge are always semiconducting (i.e., insulating), and Pb is always metallic. Why is Sn different? The reason has to do with orbital ov...Under experimentally accessible temperatures and pressures, Si and Ge are always semiconducting (i.e., insulating), and Pb is always metallic. Why is Sn different? The reason has to do with orbital overlap. Theory tells us in fact that any (and all) insulators should become metallic at high enough pressure, or more to the point, at high enough density. For most insulators, however, the pressures required are far beyond those that we can achieve in the laboratory.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Tennessee_State_University/CHEM_4210%3A_Inorganic_Chem_II_(Siddiquee)/09%3A_Inorganic_Materials_and_Nanotechnology/9.01%3A_Electronic_Properties_of_Materials_-_Superconductors_and_Semiconductors/9.1.07%3A_Diodes_LEDs_and_Solar_CellsDiodes are semiconductor devices that allow current to flow in only one direction. Diodes act as rectifiers in electronic circuits, and also as efficient light emitters (in LEDs) and solar cells (in p...Diodes are semiconductor devices that allow current to flow in only one direction. Diodes act as rectifiers in electronic circuits, and also as efficient light emitters (in LEDs) and solar cells (in photovoltaics). The basic structure of a diode is a junction between a p-type and an n-type semiconductor, called a p-n junction. Typically, diodes are made from a single semiconductor crystal into which p- and n-dopants are introduced.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Tennessee_State_University/CHEM_4210%3A_Inorganic_Chem_II_(Siddiquee)/09%3A_Inorganic_Materials_and_Nanotechnology/9.02%3A_Basic_Science_of_Nanomaterials/9.2.10%3A_References"Electron–electron and electron‐hole interactions in small semiconductor crystallites: The size dependence of the lowest excited electronic state". J. Bawendi, "Synthesis and characterization of nearl..."Electron–electron and electron‐hole interactions in small semiconductor crystallites: The size dependence of the lowest excited electronic state". J. Bawendi, "Synthesis and characterization of nearly monodisperse CdE (E = sulfur, selenium, tellurium) semiconductor nanocrystallites," J. Alivisatos, "Colloidal nanocrystal synthesis and the organic–inorganic interface," Nature 2005, 437, 664-670. J Am Chem Soc 2012, 134 (3), 1376-1391.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Tennessee_State_University/CHEM_4210%3A_Inorganic_Chem_II_(Siddiquee)/09%3A_Inorganic_Materials_and_Nanotechnology/9.01%3A_Electronic_Properties_of_Materials_-_Superconductors_and_Semiconductors/9.1.10%3A_ProblemsSketch a silicon p-n junction, showing the depletion region, band bending, and the Fermi level in the absence of light or applied potential. In the dark, the p-n junction acts as a rectifier. (a) Whic...Sketch a silicon p-n junction, showing the depletion region, band bending, and the Fermi level in the absence of light or applied potential. In the dark, the p-n junction acts as a rectifier. (a) Which way do electrons and holes flow most easily in the dark? (b) Does the built in electric field increase or decrease under forward bias? (c) In the light, the junction acts as a photodiode.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Tennessee_State_University/CHEM_4210%3A_Inorganic_Chem_II_(Siddiquee)/09%3A_Inorganic_Materials_and_Nanotechnology/9.02%3A_Basic_Science_of_Nanomaterials/9.2.04%3A__Synthesis_of_Semiconductor_Nanocrystals[5] The keys to this synthesis were (1) to use non-aqueous solvents and capping ligands to stabilize the products against ripening, (2) to carry out the reaction at high temperature to ensure good cry...[5] The keys to this synthesis were (1) to use non-aqueous solvents and capping ligands to stabilize the products against ripening, (2) to carry out the reaction at high temperature to ensure good crystallinity, and (3) to separate the steps of particle nucleation and growth, and thereby obtain particles of uniform size.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/East_Tennessee_State_University/CHEM_4110%3A_Advanced_Inorganic_Chemistry/13%3A_Applications_-_Nanomaterials/13.10%3A_References"Electron–electron and electron‐hole interactions in small semiconductor crystallites: The size dependence of the lowest excited electronic state". J. Bawendi, "Synthesis and characterization of nearl..."Electron–electron and electron‐hole interactions in small semiconductor crystallites: The size dependence of the lowest excited electronic state". J. Bawendi, "Synthesis and characterization of nearly monodisperse CdE (E = sulfur, selenium, tellurium) semiconductor nanocrystallites," J. Alivisatos, "Colloidal nanocrystal synthesis and the organic–inorganic interface," Nature 2005, 437, 664-670. J Am Chem Soc 2012, 134 (3), 1376-1391.
