where H is the Hamiltonian operator, which finds the total energy of the system E. (This approach uses the linear algebra concept of an eigenfunction and eigenstate, but don't worry if you don't know ...where H is the Hamiltonian operator, which finds the total energy of the system E. (This approach uses the linear algebra concept of an eigenfunction and eigenstate, but don't worry if you don't know what these are.) Kinetic energy KE is given by The kinetic energy is calculated using the equation above, using the square of the momentum operator (thus, the first derivative in the momentum operator becomes a second derivative when the operator is squared).
De Broglie proposed that quantization arose from the same effects as the quantized frequencies (fundamental and overtone) present in a guitar string, that make it work as an instrument. (Review standi...De Broglie proposed that quantization arose from the same effects as the quantized frequencies (fundamental and overtone) present in a guitar string, that make it work as an instrument. (Review standing waves in this section if needed.) De Broglie thought that electrons in "orbits" like in the Bohr model were like strings on instruments.
