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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_California_Irvine/UCI%3A_General_Chemistry_1A_(OpenChem)/147Planck's_Quantum_Theory_(OpenChem)
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/DePaul_University/Thermodynamics_and_Introduction_to_Quantum_Mechanics_(Southern)/07%3A_The_Development_of_Quantum_Mechanics/7.01%3A_Blackbody_Radiation/7.1.01%3A_Quantum_Hypothesis_Used_for_Blackbody_Radiation_LawEnergy is quantized in some systems, meaning that the system can have only certain energies and not a continuum of energies, unlike classical mechanics.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Prince_Georges_Community_College/CHEM_2000%3A_Chemistry_for_Engineers_(Sinex)/Unit_1%3A_Atomic_Structure/Chapter_2%3A_Atomic_Structure/Chapter_2.1%3A_Wave_-_Particle_DualityAlthough we still usually think of electrons as particles, the wave nature of electrons is employed in an electron microscope, which has revealed most of what we know about the microscopic structure o...Although we still usually think of electrons as particles, the wave nature of electrons is employed in an electron microscope, which has revealed most of what we know about the microscopic structure of living organisms and materials. Our approach to quantum mechanics will be to present a few simple facts about the properties of electrons in atoms from which we can build up the properties of the atoms.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Oregon_Institute_of_Technology/OIT%3A_CHE_333_-_Organic_Chemistry_III_(Lund)/New_Page/4%3A_Structure_Determination_I-_UV-Vis_and_Infrared_Spectroscopy_Mass_Spectrometry/4.1%3A_Introduction_to_molecular_spectroscopyIn a spectroscopy experiment, electromagnetic radiation of a specified range of wavelengths is allowed to pass through a sample containing a compound of interest. The sample molecules absorb energy fr...In a spectroscopy experiment, electromagnetic radiation of a specified range of wavelengths is allowed to pass through a sample containing a compound of interest. The sample molecules absorb energy from some of the wavelengths, and as a result jump from a low energy ‘ground state’ to some higher energy ‘excited state’. Other wavelengths are not absorbed by the sample molecule, so they pass on through.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Lebanon_Valley_College/CHM_311%3A_Physical_Chemistry_I_(Lebanon_Valley_College)/01%3A_The_Path_to_Quantum_Mechanics/1.03%3A_Quantum_Hypothesis_Used_for_Blackbody_Radiation_LawEnergy is quantized in some systems, meaning that the system can have only certain energies and not a continuum of energies, unlike classical mechanics.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Physical_Chemistry_(LibreTexts)/01%3A_The_Dawn_of_the_Quantum_Theory/1.06%3A_Matter_Has_Wavelike_PropertiesThis page explores the wave-particle duality of matter, particularly through de Broglie's 1924 Ph.D. thesis, which posits that particles like electrons exhibit wave-like properties linked to their mom...This page explores the wave-particle duality of matter, particularly through de Broglie's 1924 Ph.D. thesis, which posits that particles like electrons exhibit wave-like properties linked to their momentum. His theory, originally met with skepticism, gained endorsement from Einstein and introduced the concept of the de Broglie wavelength.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/05%3A_Electrons_in_Atoms/5.03%3A_Quantization_of_EnergyThis page clarifies that "quantum leap" refers to minor changes in an electron's position, not significant breakthroughs. It highlights Max Planck's discovery that energy emits in discrete units calle...This page clarifies that "quantum leap" refers to minor changes in an electron's position, not significant breakthroughs. It highlights Max Planck's discovery that energy emits in discrete units called quanta, opposing classical physics' continuous energy view. A quantum is the smallest energy change for an atom, defined by Planck's constant h=6.626×10−34J⋅s. This principle is fundamental for understanding energy behavior at the atomic level.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/DePaul_University/Physical_Chemistry_for_Biological_Sciences/01%3A_The_Dawn_of_the_Quantum_Theory/1.02%3A_Quantum_Hypothesis_Used_for_Blackbody_Radiation_LawEnergy is quantized in some systems, meaning that the system can have only certain energies and not a continuum of energies, unlike classical mechanics.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Grinnell_College/CHM_364%3A_Physical_Chemistry_2_(Grinnell_College)/01%3A_The_Dawn_of_the_Quantum_Theory/1.02%3A_Quantum_Hypothesis_Used_for_Blackbody_Radiation_LawEnergy is quantized in some systems, meaning that the system can have only certain energies and not a continuum of energies, unlike classical mechanics.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_North_Texas/UNT%3A_CHEM_1410_-_General_Chemistry_for_Science_Majors_I/Text/05%3A_The_Electronic_Structure_of_Atoms/5.04%3A_The_Wave_Nature_of_the_ElectronIf you flick a string, a traveling wave moves down it; if you do this continually, say once a second, you generate a travelling wave train with a frequency of 1 s -1 , or one wavelength per second, wh...If you flick a string, a traveling wave moves down it; if you do this continually, say once a second, you generate a travelling wave train with a frequency of 1 s -1 , or one wavelength per second, where the wavelength is the distance between successive peaks (or any other repeating feature) of the wave:
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/ChemPRIME_(Moore_et_al.)/21%3A_Spectra_and_Structure_of_Atoms_and_Molecules/21.02%3A_The_Nature_of_Electromagnetic_RadiationThe speed of the wave (distance traveled per unit time) must be the product of the wavelength (distance between maxima) and the frequency (number of maxima passing per unit time): In the case of destr...The speed of the wave (distance traveled per unit time) must be the product of the wavelength (distance between maxima) and the frequency (number of maxima passing per unit time): In the case of destructive interference a maximum in one wave and a minimum in the other reach the same point at the same time. The energy of a photon E and the frequency of the electromagnetic radiation associated with it are related in the following way:
