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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Descriptive_Chemistry/Elements_Organized_by_Block/1_s-Block_Elements/Group__1%3A_The_Alkali_Metals/Z001_Chemistry_of_Hydrogen_(Z1)/Hydrogen_ChlorideHydrogen chloride (HCl) is a colorless gas which forms white fumes of hydrochloric acid when brought into contact with atmospheric humidity. Inhalation of the gas can cause severe burns of the nose, t...Hydrogen chloride (HCl) is a colorless gas which forms white fumes of hydrochloric acid when brought into contact with atmospheric humidity. Inhalation of the gas can cause severe burns of the nose, throat, and upper respiratory tract (which may lead to death in severe cases). The hydrogen and the chlorine atom are connected by a covalent single bond, which is highly polar, since the chlorine atom is much more electronegative than the hydrogen atom.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Analytical_Chemistry/Analytical_Chemistry_2.1_(Harvey)/12%3A_Chromatographic_and_Electrophoretic_Methods/12.06%3A_Other_Forms_of_ChromatographyThe text covers various liquid chromatography techniques, focusing on liquid-solid adsorption, ion-exchange, and size-exclusion chromatography. Liquid-solid chromatography involves polar stationary ph...The text covers various liquid chromatography techniques, focusing on liquid-solid adsorption, ion-exchange, and size-exclusion chromatography. Liquid-solid chromatography involves polar stationary phases and nonpolar solvents for separating compounds, excelling in analyzing isomers. Ion-exchange chromatography uses resin beads with ionic functional groups to separate ions based on their affinity for the exchange sites, utilizing gradient elutions to affect solute retention.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Westminster_College/CHE_180_-_Inorganic_Chemistry/12%3A_Chapter_12_-_Hydrogen/12.1%3A_Chemistry_of_Hydrogen_(Z%3D1)/Hydrogen_ChlorideHydrogen chloride (HCl) is a colorless gas which forms white fumes of hydrochloric acid when brought into contact with atmospheric humidity. Inhalation of the gas can cause severe burns of the nose, t...Hydrogen chloride (HCl) is a colorless gas which forms white fumes of hydrochloric acid when brought into contact with atmospheric humidity. Inhalation of the gas can cause severe burns of the nose, throat, and upper respiratory tract (which may lead to death in severe cases). The hydrogen and the chlorine atom are connected by a covalent single bond, which is highly polar, since the chlorine atom is much more electronegative than the hydrogen atom.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/16%3A_Solutions/16.10%3A_DilutionThis page explains the safe use of muriatic acid (HCl) for cleaning concrete, emphasizing the need for dilution from concentrations of around 18%. It details dilution concepts, including the relations...This page explains the safe use of muriatic acid (HCl) for cleaning concrete, emphasizing the need for dilution from concentrations of around 18%. It details dilution concepts, including the relationship between initial and final concentrations and volumes. An illustrative example demonstrates how to dilute concentrated nitric acid to achieve a specific molarity, highlighting the importance of precise measurements with pipettes and micropipettes in laboratory settings.
