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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Supplemental_Modules_(Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry)/EquilibriaThe concept that chemical processes may not evolve "to completion" and instead tend to stop mid-way results in an "equilibrium" where reactants, products and potentially intermediates might be present...The concept that chemical processes may not evolve "to completion" and instead tend to stop mid-way results in an "equilibrium" where reactants, products and potentially intermediates might be present. Identifying the concentrations of these populations requires rigorous definition of new reaction parameters (e.g. the equilibrium constant).
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/General_Chemistry_Supplement_(Eames)/Thermochemistry/The_Zeroth_Law_of_ThermodynamicsIf no change happens when they touch, we could say that they were in thermal equilibrium. (If we leave them in contact long enough, they will reach thermal equilibrium, but that is different from bein...If no change happens when they touch, we could say that they were in thermal equilibrium. (If we leave them in contact long enough, they will reach thermal equilibrium, but that is different from being in thermal equilibrium when they first touch.) If we have a system A, and we find that it is in thermal equilibrium with another system B, and also with another system C, then we know without doing the experiment that B and C are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Ancillary_Materials/Worksheets/Worksheets%3A_Analytical_Chemistry_II/Metal_Complexation_Equilibria_(Wenzel)/In-Class_Problem_Set%3A_Metal_Complexation_EquilibriaCalculate the concentration of free calcium(II) ion in a solution prepared with initial concentrations of calcium of 0.020 M and EDTA 4- of 0.10 M. Calculate the concentration of free calcium(II) ion ...Calculate the concentration of free calcium(II) ion in a solution prepared with initial concentrations of calcium of 0.020 M and EDTA 4- of 0.10 M. Calculate the concentration of free calcium(II) ion in a solution prepared with initial concentrations of calcium of 0.020 M and total EDTA of 0.10 M. The solution is buffered at a pH of 2. Contributors and Attributions Thomas Wenzel, Bates College (twenzel@bates.edu) Sourced from the Analytical Sciences Digital Library
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Los_Angeles_Trade_Technical_College/Foundations_of_Introductory_Chemistry-1/17%3A_Chemical_Equilibrium/17.7%3A_Solubility_EquilibriaIn order to write the expression for the equilibrium constant for this solubility reaction, we need to recall the rules stated in Section 10.2 of this chapter; Rule #4 states, “Reactants or products t...In order to write the expression for the equilibrium constant for this solubility reaction, we need to recall the rules stated in Section 10.2 of this chapter; Rule #4 states, “Reactants or products that are present as solids or liquids or the solvent, all have an activity value of 1, and so they do not affect the value of the equilibrium expression.” Because silver chloride is a solid, and water is the solvent, the expression for the equilibrium constant is simply,
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Book%3A_Introductory_Chemistry_Online_(Young)/10%3A_Principles_of_Chemical_Equilibrium/10.7%3A_Solubility_EquilibriaIn order to write the expression for the equilibrium constant for this solubility reaction, we need to recall the rules stated in Section 10.2 of this chapter; Rule #4 states, “Reactants or products t...In order to write the expression for the equilibrium constant for this solubility reaction, we need to recall the rules stated in Section 10.2 of this chapter; Rule #4 states, “Reactants or products that are present as solids or liquids or the solvent, all have an activity value of 1, and so they do not affect the value of the equilibrium expression.” Because silver chloride is a solid, and water is the solvent, the expression for the equilibrium constant is simply,
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Howard_University/General_Chemistry%3A_An_Atoms_First_Approach/Unit_1%3A__Atomic_Structure/Chapter_1%3A_Introduction/Chapter_1.4%3A_A_Brief_History_of_ChemistryThis page outlines a general chemistry course focusing on atomic theory, molecular structure, stoichiometry, thermochemistry, states of matter, kinetics, equilibria, and materials. It highlights the d...This page outlines a general chemistry course focusing on atomic theory, molecular structure, stoichiometry, thermochemistry, states of matter, kinetics, equilibria, and materials. It highlights the development of atomic theory from ancient Greek thought to modern science, discussing key figures like Democritus, Robert Boyle, Joseph Priestley, and Antoine Lavoisier. It explains fundamental chemical laws, Dalton's atomic theory, Avogadro's hypothesis, and the law of multiple proportions.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Los_Angeles_Trade_Technical_College/Analytical_Chemistry/2%3A_Analytical_Chemistry_2.0_(Harvey)/07%3A_Equilibrium_Chemistry/7.06%3A_Ladder_DiagramsIn this section we introduce the ladder diagram as a simple graphical tool for evaluating the equilibrium chemistry. Using ladder diagrams we will be able to determine what reactions occur when combin...In this section we introduce the ladder diagram as a simple graphical tool for evaluating the equilibrium chemistry. Using ladder diagrams we will be able to determine what reactions occur when combining several reagents, estimate the approximate composition of a system at equilibrium, and evaluate how a change to solution conditions might affect an analytical method.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/ChemPRIME_(Moore_et_al.)/13%3A_Chemical_Equilibrium/13.02%3A_The_Equilibrium_StateThe term chemical equilibrium is used to describe a chemical reaction in which the concentrations of the substances involved remain constant. Read on to learn how chemical equilibrium is defined.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Lakehead_University/Analytical_I/6%3A_Equilibrium_Chemistry/6.06%3A_Ladder_DiagramsIn this section we introduce the ladder diagram as a simple graphical tool for evaluating the equilibrium chemistry. Using ladder diagrams we will be able to determine what reactions occur when combin...In this section we introduce the ladder diagram as a simple graphical tool for evaluating the equilibrium chemistry. Using ladder diagrams we will be able to determine what reactions occur when combining several reagents, estimate the approximate composition of a system at equilibrium, and evaluate how a change to solution conditions might affect an analytical method.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Los_Angeles_Trade_Technical_College/Chem_51/17%3A_Chemical_Equilibrium/17.7%3A_Solubility_EquilibriaIn order to write the expression for the equilibrium constant for this solubility reaction, we need to recall the rules stated in Section 10.2 of this chapter; Rule #4 states, “Reactants or products t...In order to write the expression for the equilibrium constant for this solubility reaction, we need to recall the rules stated in Section 10.2 of this chapter; Rule #4 states, “Reactants or products that are present as solids or liquids or the solvent, all have an activity value of 1, and so they do not affect the value of the equilibrium expression.” Because silver chloride is a solid, and water is the solvent, the expression for the equilibrium constant is simply,
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/ChemPRIME_(Moore_et_al.)/13%3A_Chemical_Equilibrium/13.01%3A_Prelude_to_EquilibriaThe term chemical equilibrium is used to describe a chemical reaction in which the concentrations of the substances involved remain constant. Read on to learn how chemical equilibrium is defined.
