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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/Map%3A_Structure_and_Properties_(Tro)/01%3A_Atoms/1.03%3A_The_Scientific_Approach_to_KnowledgeThe particulate model of matter is not a clear conclusion to the casual observer of nature. While all modern scientists accept the concept of the atom, when the concept of the atom was first proposed ...The particulate model of matter is not a clear conclusion to the casual observer of nature. While all modern scientists accept the concept of the atom, when the concept of the atom was first proposed about 2,500 years ago, ancient philosophers laughed at the idea. It has always been difficult to convince people of the existence of things that are too small to see. We will spend some time considering the evidence (observations) that convince scientists of the existence of atoms.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/03%3A_Measurements/3.01%3A_SI_Base_UnitsThis page discusses the historical definition and evolution of the yard, initially tied to royal measurements but now standardized. It highlights the challenges of the English measurement system for s...This page discusses the historical definition and evolution of the yard, initially tied to royal measurements but now standardized. It highlights the challenges of the English measurement system for scientific purposes, leading to the adoption of the metric system in 1795 and the International System of Units (SI) established in 1960. Although the U.S. has legally adopted the metric system, it predominantly uses the imperial system.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/03%3A_Measurements/3.08%3A_Dimensional_AnalysisThis page explains conversion factors as ratios of equivalent measurements, highlighting the consistency of quantity despite varying numerical values in different units like cups and pints. It introdu...This page explains conversion factors as ratios of equivalent measurements, highlighting the consistency of quantity despite varying numerical values in different units like cups and pints. It introduces dimensional analysis for problem-solving using measurement units, exemplified by calculating the number of seconds in a day, illustrating how units cancel out to yield a final answer in the desired unit.