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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Workbench/Chemistry_LHS_Bridge/16%3A_Chirality/16.07%3A_Mixtures_of_StereoisomersTherefore, if a mixture contains 75% of the R enantiomer and 25% S, the enantiomeric excess if 50%. Similarly, a mixture that is 95% of one enantiomer, the enantiomeric excess is 90%, etc. The standar...Therefore, if a mixture contains 75% of the R enantiomer and 25% S, the enantiomeric excess if 50%. Similarly, a mixture that is 95% of one enantiomer, the enantiomeric excess is 90%, etc. The standard optical rotation by the mixture ([α]mix) is equal to the product of the standard optical rotation of the major isomer ([α]major) and the enantiomeric excess (EE):
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Organic_Chemistry)/Chirality/Mixtures_of_StereoisomersTherefore, if a mixture contains 75% of the R enantiomer and 25% S, the enantiomeric excess if 50%. Similarly, a mixture that is 95% of one enantiomer, the enantiomeric excess is 90%, etc. The standar...Therefore, if a mixture contains 75% of the R enantiomer and 25% S, the enantiomeric excess if 50%. Similarly, a mixture that is 95% of one enantiomer, the enantiomeric excess is 90%, etc. The standard optical rotation by the mixture ([α]mix) is equal to the product of the standard optical rotation of the major isomer ([α]major) and the enantiomeric excess (EE):
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Organic_Chemistry)/Alkynes/Reactivity_of_Alkynes/Nucleophilic_Reactivity_of_Deprotonated_AlkynesThe origin of the enhanced acidity can be attributed to the stability of the acetylide anion, which has the unpaired electrons in an sp hybridized orbital. There is a strong correlation between s-char...The origin of the enhanced acidity can be attributed to the stability of the acetylide anion, which has the unpaired electrons in an sp hybridized orbital. There is a strong correlation between s-character in the orbital containing the non-bonding electrons in the anion and the acidity of hydrocarbons. Since pentyne is more acidic, the formation of the acetylide will be favored at equilibrium, so the equilibrium constant for the reaction is about 10 10
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Workbench/Chemistry_LHS_Bridge/14%3A_Alkynes/14.03%3A_Reactivity_of_Alkynes/14.3.08%3A_Nucleophilic_Reactivity_of_Deprotonated_AlkynesThe origin of the enhanced acidity can be attributed to the stability of the acetylide anion, which has the unpaired electrons in an sp hybridized orbital. There is a strong correlation between s-char...The origin of the enhanced acidity can be attributed to the stability of the acetylide anion, which has the unpaired electrons in an sp hybridized orbital. There is a strong correlation between s-character in the orbital containing the non-bonding electrons in the anion and the acidity of hydrocarbons. Since pentyne is more acidic, the formation of the acetylide will be favored at equilibrium, so the equilibrium constant for the reaction is about 10 10
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Organic_Chemistry)/Reactions/Reaction_Fundamentals/Reaction_Coordinates_in_Potential_Energy_DiagramsReaction potential energy diagrams are graphs that show the energy of a process as a function of the extent to which that process has occurred. As these are graphs showing mathematical functions, ther...Reaction potential energy diagrams are graphs that show the energy of a process as a function of the extent to which that process has occurred. As these are graphs showing mathematical functions, there must be a numerical coordinate axis that shows the independent variable. This coordinate is called the reaction coordinate, and it reflects the geometry of the system.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Organic_Chemistry)/Fundamentals/Intermolecular_Forces/Polar_Protic_and_Aprotic_SolventsSolvents used in organic chemistry are characterized by their physical characteristics. Among the most important are whether the solvents are polar or non-polar, and whether they are protic or aproti...Solvents used in organic chemistry are characterized by their physical characteristics. Among the most important are whether the solvents are polar or non-polar, and whether they are protic or aprotic. Because non-polar solvents tend to be aprotic,the focus is upon polar solvents and their structures.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Organic_Chemistry)/Fundamentals/Homolytic_C-H_Bond_Dissociation_Energies_of_Organic_MoleculesThe products of homolytic cleavage are radicals and the energy that is required to break the bond homolytically is called the Bond Dissociation Energy (BDE) and is a measure of the strength of the bon...The products of homolytic cleavage are radicals and the energy that is required to break the bond homolytically is called the Bond Dissociation Energy (BDE) and is a measure of the strength of the bond. It is important to remember that C-H BDEs refer to the energy it takes to break the bond, and is the difference in energy between the reactants and the products.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Purdue/Purdue_Chem_26100%3A_Organic_Chemistry_I_(Wenthold)A comprehensive study of the chemical principles underlying aliphatic and aromatic compounds. The syntheses and reactions of these materials are discussed. Modern theory and stereochemistry are stress...A comprehensive study of the chemical principles underlying aliphatic and aromatic compounds. The syntheses and reactions of these materials are discussed. Modern theory and stereochemistry are stressed to illustrate the logic inherent in the subject matter and to demonstrate the predictability of many chemical transformations. Recommended for students majoring in chemical engineering.
