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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Lansing_Community_College/LCC%3A_Chem_151_-_General_Chemistry_I/Text/08%3A_Periodic_Properties_of_the_Elements/8.08%3A_Group_Trends_for_Selected_NonmetalsNon-metallic character is the ability to be reduced (be an oxidizing agent), form acidic hydroxides, form covalent compounds with non-metals. These characteristics increase with a larger nuclear charg...Non-metallic character is the ability to be reduced (be an oxidizing agent), form acidic hydroxides, form covalent compounds with non-metals. These characteristics increase with a larger nuclear charge and smaller radius, with no increase in shielding. The most active non-metal would be the one farthest up and to the right -- not including the noble gases (non-reactive.)
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Westminster_College/CHE_180_-_Inorganic_Chemistry/14%3A_Chapter_14_-_p-Block_Elements/14.3%3A_Group_15/Chemistry_of_Phosphorus_(Z%3D15)Phosphorus (P) is an essential part of life as we know it. Without the phosphates in biological molecules such as ATP, ADP and DNA, we would not be alive. Phosphorus compounds can also be found in th...Phosphorus (P) is an essential part of life as we know it. Without the phosphates in biological molecules such as ATP, ADP and DNA, we would not be alive. Phosphorus compounds can also be found in the minerals in our bones and teeth. It is a necessary part of our diet. In fact, we consume it in nearly all of the foods we eat. Phosphorus is quite reactive. This quality of the element makes it an ideal ingredient for matches because it is so flammable.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_North_Texas/UNT%3A_CHEM_1410_-_General_Chemistry_for_Science_Majors_I/Text/08%3A_Properties_of_Organic_Compounds/8.21%3A_Diamond_and_GraphiteSuch a network of carbon atoms extends throughout the crystal so that the whole diamond is one extremely large covalently bonded entity, i.e., a macromolecule. Carbon also exists in a second, more fam...Such a network of carbon atoms extends throughout the crystal so that the whole diamond is one extremely large covalently bonded entity, i.e., a macromolecule. Carbon also exists in a second, more familiar, crystalline form called graphite, whose crystal structure is also shown in part b of the figure. When an element can exist in more than one crystalline form, as carbon can in diamond and graphite, each form is said to be an allotrope.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/CSU_San_Bernardino/CHEM_2100%3A_General_Chemistry_I_(Mink)/18%3A_Representative_Metals_Metalloids_and_Nonmetals/18.02%3A_PeriodicityThis section focuses on the periodicity of the representative elements, where the electrons are entering the s and p orbitals. The representative elements occur in groups 1, 2, and 12–18. These elemen...This section focuses on the periodicity of the representative elements, where the electrons are entering the s and p orbitals. The representative elements occur in groups 1, 2, and 12–18. These elements are representative metals, metalloids, and nonmetals. The alkali metals (group 1) are very reactive, readily form ions with a charge of 1+ to form ionic compounds that are usually soluble in water, and react vigorously with water to form hydrogen gas and a basic solution of the metal hydroxide.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_Missouri/MU%3A__1330H_(Keller)/07._Periodic_Properties_of_the_Elements/7.8%3A_Group_Trends_for_Selected_NonmetalsNon-metallic character is the ability to be reduced (be an oxidizing agent), form acidic hydroxides, form covalent compounds with non-metals. These characteristics increase with a larger nuclear charg...Non-metallic character is the ability to be reduced (be an oxidizing agent), form acidic hydroxides, form covalent compounds with non-metals. These characteristics increase with a larger nuclear charge and smaller radius, with no increase in shielding. The most active non-metal would be the one farthest up and to the right -- not including the noble gases (non-reactive.)
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/ChemPRIME_(Moore_et_al.)/08%3A_Properties_of_Organic_Compounds/8.21%3A_Diamond_and_GraphiteSuch a network of carbon atoms extends throughout the crystal so that the whole diamond is one extremely large covalently bonded entity, i.e., a macromolecule. Carbon also exists in a second, more fam...Such a network of carbon atoms extends throughout the crystal so that the whole diamond is one extremely large covalently bonded entity, i.e., a macromolecule. Carbon also exists in a second, more familiar, crystalline form called graphite, whose crystal structure is also shown in part b of the figure. When an element can exist in more than one crystalline form, as carbon can in diamond and graphite, each form is said to be an allotrope.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Descriptive_Chemistry/Elements_Organized_by_Block/2_p-Block_Elements/Group_16%3A_The_Oxygen_Family_(The_Chalcogens)/Z008_Chemistry_of_Oxygen_(Z8)Oxygen is an element that is widely known by the general public because of the large role it plays in sustaining life. Without oxygen, animals would be unable to breathe and would consequently die. Ox...Oxygen is an element that is widely known by the general public because of the large role it plays in sustaining life. Without oxygen, animals would be unable to breathe and would consequently die. Oxygen is not only important to supporting life, but also plays an important role in many other chemical reactions. Oxygen is the most common element in the earth's crust and makes up about 20% of the air we breathe.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Inorganic_Chemistry_(LibreTexts)/08%3A_Chemistry_of_the_Main_Group_Elements/8.09%3A_The_Nitrogen_Family/8.9.03%3A_Chemistry_of_Phosphorus_(Z15)Phosphorus (P) is an essential part of life as we know it. Without the phosphates in biological molecules such as ATP, ADP and DNA, we would not be alive. Phosphorus compounds can also be found in th...Phosphorus (P) is an essential part of life as we know it. Without the phosphates in biological molecules such as ATP, ADP and DNA, we would not be alive. Phosphorus compounds can also be found in the minerals in our bones and teeth. It is a necessary part of our diet. In fact, we consume it in nearly all of the foods we eat. Phosphorus is quite reactive. This quality of the element makes it an ideal ingredient for matches because it is so flammable.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Duke_University/CHEM_210D%3A_Modern_Applications_of_Chemistry/3%3A_Textbook-_Modern_Applications_of_Chemistry/01%3A_Primer/1.04%3A_Properties_of_Organic_Compounds/1.4.08%3A_Diamond_and_GraphiteSuch a network of carbon atoms extends throughout the crystal so that the whole diamond is one extremely large covalently bonded entity, i.e., a macromolecule. Carbon also exists in a second, more fam...Such a network of carbon atoms extends throughout the crystal so that the whole diamond is one extremely large covalently bonded entity, i.e., a macromolecule. Carbon also exists in a second, more familiar, crystalline form called graphite, whose crystal structure is also shown in part b of the figure. When an element can exist in more than one crystalline form, as carbon can in diamond and graphite, each form is said to be an allotrope.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Inorganic_Chemistry_(LibreTexts)/08%3A_Chemistry_of_the_Main_Group_Elements/8.11%3A_The_Oxygen_Family_(The_Chalcogens)/8.11.02%3A_Chemistry_of_Oxygen_(Z8)Oxygen is an element that is widely known by the general public because of the large role it plays in sustaining life. Without oxygen, animals would be unable to breathe and would consequently die. Ox...Oxygen is an element that is widely known by the general public because of the large role it plays in sustaining life. Without oxygen, animals would be unable to breathe and would consequently die. Oxygen is not only important to supporting life, but plays an important role in many other chemical reactions. Oxygen is the most common element in the earth's crust and makes up about 20% of the air we breathe.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/Chemistry_2e_(OpenStax)/18%3A_Representative_Metals_Metalloids_and_Nonmetals/18.01%3A_PeriodicityThis section focuses on the periodicity of the representative elements, where the electrons are entering the s and p orbitals. The representative elements occur in groups 1, 2, and 12–18. These elemen...This section focuses on the periodicity of the representative elements, where the electrons are entering the s and p orbitals. The representative elements occur in groups 1, 2, and 12–18. These elements are representative metals, metalloids, and nonmetals. The alkali metals (group 1) are very reactive, readily form ions with a charge of 1+ to form ionic compounds that are usually soluble in water, and react vigorously with water to form hydrogen gas and a basic solution of the metal hydroxide.
