Table of Contents Last updated Save as PDF Page ID205607 Ragain CH185: General Chemistry00: Front MatterTable of Contents1: Matter, Measurement, and Problem Solving1.1: Atoms and Molecules1.2: The Scientific Approach to Knowledge1.3: The Classification of Matter1.4: Physical and Chemical Changes and Properties1.5: Energy- A Fundamental Part of Physical and Chemical Change1.6: The Units of Measurement1.7: The Reliability of a Measurement1.8: Solving Chemical Problems1.E: Matter, Measurement, and Problem Solving (Exercises)2: Atoms and Elements2.1: Brownian Motion - Evidence for Atoms2.2: Early Ideas about the Building Blocks of Matter2.3: Modern Atomic Theory and the Laws That Led to It2.4: The Discovery of the Electron2.5: 2.5 The Structure of The Atom2.6: Finding Patterns - The Periodic Law and the Periodic Table2.7: Finding Patterns - The Periodic Law and the Periodic Table2.7: The Average Mass of an Element’s Atoms2.8: Molar Mass - Counting Atoms by Weighing Them2.8: The Average Mass of an Element’s Atoms2.9: Molar Mass - Counting Atoms by Weighing Them2.E: Atoms and Elements (Exercises)3: Molecules, Compounds and Chemical Equations3.1: Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Water3.2: Chemical Bonds3.2: Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Water3.3: Chemical Bonds3.3: Representing Compounds- Chemical Formulas and Molecular Models3.4: An Atomic-Level Perspective of Elements and Compounds3.4: Representing Compounds- Chemical Formulas and Molecular Models3.5: An Atomic-Level Perspective of Elements and Compounds3.5: Ionic Compounds- Formulas and Names3.6: Ionic Compounds- Formulas and Names3.6: Molecular Compounds- Formulas and Names3.7: Molecular Compounds- Formulas and Names3.7: Summary of Inorganic Nomenclature3.8: Composition of Compounds3.8: Summary of Inorganic Nomenclature3.9: Composition of Compounds3.9: Determining a Chemical Formula from Experimental Data3.E: Molecules, Compounds and Chemical Equations (Exercises)3.10: Determining a Chemical Formula from Experimental Data3.10: Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations3.11: Organic Compounds3.11: Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations3.12: Organic Compounds4: Chemical Reactions and Aqueous Reactions4.1: Global Warming and the Combustion of Fossil Fuels4.2: How Much Carbon Dioxide?4.3: 4.3 Limiting Reactant, Theoretical Yield, and Percent Yield4.4: Solution Concentration and Solution Stoichiomentry4.5: Types of Aqueous Solutions and Solubility4.6: Precipitation Reactions4.7: Representing Aqueous Reactions- Molecular, Ionic, and Complete Ionic Equations4.8: Acid-Base and Gas-Evolution Reactions4.9: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions5: Thermochemistry5.1: Light the Furnace- The Nature of Energy and Its Transformations5.2: The Nature and Types of Energy5.3: Quantifying Heat and Work5.4: The First Law of Thermodynamics5.5: Constant Volume Calorimetry- Measuring ΔU for Chemical Reactions5.6: Enthalpy- The Heat Evolved in a Chemical Reaction at Constant Pressure5.7: Constant Pressure Calorimetry- Measuring ΔH for Chemical Reactions5.8: Relationships Involving Enthalpy of Reactions5.9: Enthalpies of Reaction from Standard Heats of Formation5.10: Energy Use and The Environment6: The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom6.1: Schrödinger's Cat6.2: The Nature of Light6.3: Atomic Spectroscopy and The Bohr Model6.4: The Wavelength Nature of Matter6.5: Quantum Mechanics and The Atom6.6: The Shape of Atomic Orbitals6.E: The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom (Exercises)7: Periodic Properties of the Elements7.1: Nerve Signal Transmission7.2: The Development of the Periodic Table7.3: Electron Configurations- How Electrons Occupy Orbitals7.4: Electron Configurations, Valence Electrons, and the Periodic Table7.5: The Explanatory Power of the Quantum-Mechanical Model7.6: Periodic Trends in the Size of Atoms and Effective Nuclear Charge7.7: Ions- Configurations, Magnetic Properties, Radii, and Ionization Energy7.8: Electron Affinities and Metallic Character7.9: Examples of Periodic Chemical Behavior7.E: Periodic Properties of the Elements (Exercises)8: Chemical Bonding I- Lewis Structures and Determining Molecular Shapes8.1: Bonding Models and AIDS Drugs8.2: Types of Chemical Bonds8.3: Representing Valance Electrons with Dots8.4: Ionic Bonding8.5: Covalent Bonding- Lewis Structure8.6: Electronegativity and Bond Polarity8.7: Lewis Structures8.8: Resonance and Formal Charge8.9: Exceptions to the Octet Rule8.E: Chemical Bonding I (Exercises)8.10: Bond Energies and Bond Lengths8.11: Bonding in Metals9: Chemical Bonding II- Valance Bond Theory and Molecular Orbital Theory9.1: Artificial Sweeteners9.2: VSEPR Theory - The Five Basic Shapes9.3: VSPER Theory- The Effect of Lone Pairs9.4: VSPER Theory - Predicting Molecular Geometries9.5: Molecular Shape and Polarity9.6: Valence Bond Theory- Orbital Overlap as a Chemical Bond9.7: Valence Bond Theory- Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals9.8: Molecular Orbital Theory- Electron Delocalization10: Gases10.1: Water from Wells- Atmospheric Pressure at Work10.2: Pressure- The Result of Particle Collisions10.3: The Simple Gas Laws- Boyle’s Law, Charles’s Law and Avogadro’s Law10.4: The Ideal Gas Law10.5: Applications of the Ideal Gas Law- Molar Volume, Density and Molar Mass of a Gas10.6: Mixtures of Gases and Partial Pressures10.7: Gases in Chemical Reactions- Stoichiometry Revisited10.8: Kinetic Molecular Theory- A Model for Gases10.9: Mean Free Path, Diffusion, and Effusion of Gases10.E: Gases (Exercises)10.10: Real Gases- The Effects of Size and Intermolecular Forces11: Liquids, Solids, and Intermolecular Forces11.1: Water in Zero Gravity11.2: Solids, Liquids, and Gases- A Molecular Comparison11.3: Intermolecular Forces- The Forces that Hold Condensed Phases Together11.4: Intermolecular Forces in Action- Surface Tension, Viscosity, and Capillary Action11.5: Vaporization and Vapor Pressure11.6: Sublimation and Fusion11.7: Heating Curve for Water11.8: Phase Diagrams11.9: Water - An Extraordinary Substance12: Solids and Modern Materials12.1: Discovery of Graphene12.2: X-Ray Crystallography12.3: Unit Cells and Basic Structures12.4: The Fundamental Types of Crystalline Solids12.5: The Structure of Ionic Solids12.6: Network Covalent Atomic Solids- Carbon and Silicates12.7: Ceramics, Cement, and Glass12.8: Crystalline Solids- Band Theory12.9: Polymers and Plastics13: Solutions13.1: Thirsty Solutions- Why You Should Not Drink Seawater13.2: Types of Solutions and Solubility13.3: Energetics of Solution Formation13.4: Solution Equilibrium and Factors Affecting Solubility13.5: Expressing Solution Concentration13.6: Colligative Properties- Freezing Point Depression, Boiling Point Elevation, and Osmosis13.7: The Colligative Properties of Strong Electrolyte Solutions13.8: Colloids13.E: Solutions (Exercises)14: Chemical Kinetics14.1: Catching Lizards14.2: Rate of a Chemical Reaction14.3: The Rate Law- The Effect of Concentration on Reaction Rate14.4: The Integrated Rate Law- The Dependence of Concentration on Time14.5: The Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate14.6: Reaction Mechanisms14.7: Catalysis14.8: Chemical EquilibriumBack MatterIndexGlossary
