1.1 What are Acids and Bases?
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It shouldn't be hard for you to name several common acids, but you might find that listing bases is just a little more difficult.
Here's a partial list of some common acids and bases, along with some chemical formulas:
Some Common Acids | Some Common Bases |
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hydrochloric acid, \(\ce{HCl}\) | sodium hydroxide, \(\ce{NaOH}\) |
sulfuric acid, \(\ce{H2SO4}\) | potassium hydroxide, \(\ce{KOH}\) |
nitric acid, \(\ce{HNO3}\) | magnesium hydroxide, \(\ce{Mg(OH)2}\) |
acetic acid, \(\ce{HC2H3O2}\) (vinegar) | calcium hydroxide, \(\ce{Ca(OH)2}\) |
carbonic acid, \(\ce{H2CO3}\) | ammonia, \(\ce{NH3}\) |
formic acid, \(\ce{HCOOH}\) | |
citric acid, \(\ce{C6H8O7}\) | |
acetylsalicylic acid, commonly known as aspirin
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Acids and bases have characteristic properties. The table below highlights some of these key characteristics. You'll want to learn this list.
Key Characteristics of Acids | Key Characteristics of Bases |
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