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7.E: Electronic Structure and Periodic Properties- Homework

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    428734

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    Turn in your answers for the following questions - show your work

    1. Write the electron configuration (ie: 1s2, 2s1), orbital energy diagram, and orbital box diagram for,
      1. H, and Na
      2. Be and Ca
      3. C and Ge
      4. Cl1- and K1+
    2. Chlorophyll b absorbs light at a wavelength of 625 nm, what is the frequency (Hz) and energy (J) for a photon of light at this wavelength?

    The Following Questions are for your practice - Do Not Turn In.  They include answers so you can check your work

    Electromagnetic Energy

    1. An FM radio station found at 103.1 on the FM dial broadcasts at a frequency of 1.031 × 108 s−1 (103.1 MHz). What is the wavelength of these radio waves in meters?
      answer

      \(λ=\dfrac{c}{ν}\)

      \(λ = \dfrac{2.998 \times10^{8}\: \dfrac{m}{s}}{1.031 \times10^{8}\: \dfrac{1}{s}} = 2.908\:m\)

    2. A bright violet line occurs at 435.8 nm in the emission spectrum of mercury vapor. What amount of energy, in joules, must be released by an electron in a mercury atom to produce a photon of this light?
      answer

      \(E= \dfrac{hc}{λ}\)

      \(E= \dfrac{(2.998 \times 10^{8} \dfrac{m}{s})\: (6.6262 \times 10^{-34} Js)}{4.358 \times 10^{-7} m}\)

      \(=4.56\times 10^{-19}J\)

    The Bohr Model

    1. Using the Bohr model, determine the energy in joules of the photon produced when an electron in a Li2+ ion moves from the orbit with n = 2 to the orbit with n = 1.
      answer

      1.471 × 10−17 J

    Development of Quantum Theory

    1. Describe the properties of an electron associated with each of the following four quantum numbers: n, l, ml, and ms.
      answer

      n determines the general range for the value of energy and the probable distances that the electron can be from the nucleus. l determines the shape of the orbital. ml determines the orientation of the orbitals of the same l value with respect to one another. ms determines the spin of an electron.

    2. Identify the subshell in which electrons with the following quantum numbers are found:
      1. n = 2, l = 1
      2. n = 4, l = 2
      3. n = 6, l = 0
      answer

      (a) 2p; (b) 4d; (c) 6s

    3. Consider the orbitals shown here in outline.

      CNX_Chem_06_03_OrbOutline_img.jpg

      1. What is the maximum number of electrons contained in an orbital of type (x)? Of type (y)?
      2. How many orbitals of type (x) are found in a shell with n = 2? How many of type (y)?
      3. Write a set of quantum numbers for an electron in an orbital of type (x) in a shell with n = 4. Of an orbital of type (y) in a shell with n = 2.
      4. What are the possible l and ml values for an orbital of type (x)? Of type (y)?
      answer

      (a) x. 2, y. 2 ;(b) x. 1, y. 3 (c) x. 4 0 0 \(\dfrac{1}{2}\), y. 2 1 0 \(\dfrac{1}{2}\); (d) x. l = 0, ml = 0, y. l = 1, ml = –1, 0, or +1

    4. Write a set of quantum numbers for each of the electrons with an n of 4 in a Se atom.
      answer
      n l ml s
      4 0 0 \(+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
      4 0 0 \(−\dfrac{1}{2}\)
      4 1 −1 \(+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
      4 1 0 \(+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
      4 1 +1 \(+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
      4 1 −1 \(−\dfrac{1}{2}\)

    Periodic Variations in Element Properties

    1. Using complete subshell notation (1s22s22p6, and so forth), predict the electron configuration of each of the following atoms:
      1. C
      2. P
      answer
      a.) 1s22s22p2

      b.) 1s22s22p63s23p3

    2. Use an orbital box diagram to describe the electron configuration of the valence shell of each of the following atoms:
      1. N
      answer
      CNX_Chem_06_04_OrbDiaSh2a_img.jpg
    3. Which ion with a +1 charge has the electron configuration 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p6? Which ion with a –2 charge has this configuration?
      answer

      Rb+, Se2−

    4. Based on their positions in the periodic table, predict which has the smallest atomic radius: Mg, Sr, Si, Cl, I.
      answer

      Rb < Li < N < F

    5. Based on their positions in the periodic table, list the following ions in order of increasing radius: K+, Ca2+, Al3+, Si4+.
      answer

      Si4+ < Al3+ < Ca2+ < K+

    This page titled 7.E: Electronic Structure and Periodic Properties- Homework is shared under a CC BY license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Scott Van Bramer.