3: The Structure of Atoms
- Page ID
- 222728
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- 3.1: Prelude to Electronic Structure
- One of the startling conclusions about modern science is that electrons also act as waves. However, the wavelength of electrons is much, much shorter-about 0.5 to 1 nm. This allows electron microscopes to magnify 600–700 times more than light microscopes. This allows us to see even smaller features in a world that is invisible to the naked eye
- 3.2: Light
- Light acts like a wave, with a frequency and a wavelength. The frequency and wavelength of light are related by the speed of light, a constant. Light acts like a particle of energy, whose value is related to the frequency of light.
- 3.3: Quantum Numbers for Electrons
- Electrons in atoms have quantized energies. The state of electrons in atoms is described by four quantum numbers.
- 3.4: Organization of Electrons in Atoms
- The Pauli exclusion principle limits the number of electrons in the subshells and shells. Electrons in larger atoms fill shells and subshells in a regular pattern that we can follow. Electron configurations are a shorthand method of indicating what subshells electrons occupy in atoms. Abbreviated electron configurations are a simpler way of representing electron configurations for larger atoms. Exceptions to the strict filling of subshells with electrons occur.
- 3.5: Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table
- The arrangement of electrons in atoms is responsible for the shape of the periodic table. Electron configurations can be predicted by the position of an atom on the periodic table.
- 3.6: Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table
- The arrangement of electrons in atoms is responsible for the shape of the periodic table. Electron configurations can be predicted by the position of an atom on the periodic table.
- 3.7: Periodic Trends
- Certain properties-notably atomic radius, IE, and EA-can be qualitatively understood by the positions of the elements on the periodic table.