Unit 1: Chemical Thermodynamics
- Page ID
- 69608
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Thermochemistry is the study of the energy and heat associated with chemical reactions and/or physical transformations. A reaction may release or absorb energy, and a phase change may do the same, such as in melting and boiling. Thermochemistry focuses on these energy changes, particularly on the system's energy exchange with its surroundings. Thermochemistry is useful in predicting reactant and product quantities throughout the course of a given reaction.
Chemical thermodynamics studies the nature of the role of entropy in the process of chemical reactions and provided the bulk of expansion and knowledge of the field. Other formulations of thermodynamics emerged in the following decades. The combination of enthalpy and entropy can be used to predict whether a reaction is spontaneous or non-spontaneous (i.e., favorable or unfavorable to occur). Statistical thermodynamics, or statistical mechanics, concerns itself with statistical predictions of the collective motion of particles from their microscopic behavior.
- Chapter 1: Fundamentals of Thermochemistry (Heat and Enthalpy)
- This chapter introduces you to thermochemistry, a branch of chemistry that describes the energy changes that occur during chemical reactions. In some situations, the energy produced by chemical reactions is actually of greater interest to chemists than the material products of the reaction. For example, the controlled combustion of organic molecules, primarily sugars and fats, within our cells provides the energy for physical activity and other complex chemical transformations that occur.
- 1.7: Heats of Reactions - ΔU and ΔH
- 1.10: Fuels as Sources of Energy
- 1.1: Systems, States and Processes
- 1.4: The First Law of Thermodynamics
- 1.3: Work as a Mechanism to Transfer Energy
- 1.8: Indirect Determination of ΔH - Hess's Law
- 1.6: Molecules as Energy Carriers and Converters
- 1.5: Heat Capacity and Calorimetry
- 1.9: Standard Enthalpies of Formation
- 1.2: Heat as a Mechanism to Transfer Energy
- 1.11: Fundamentals of Thermochemistry (Exercises)
- Chapter 2: Principles of Thermodynamics (Entropy and Gibbs Energy)
- The name "thermodynamics" is really a silly name. Think about it; the field deals primarily with the condition of equilibrium, that is, no change or a "static" situation. The actual field that describes non-equilibration properties is "kinetics" or "dynamics," hence the more apt term for this field is really "thermostatics." However, since we cannot change a name that has been in use for 150 years, we will stick with it and pretend otherwise.
- 2.5: Entropy Changes in Reversible Processes
- 2.8: Gibbs Energy
- 2.4: Entropy Changes and Spontaneity
- 2.6: Quantum States, Microstates, and Energy Spreading
- 2.1: The Nature of Spontaneous Processes
- 2.2: Entropy and Spontaneity - A Molecular Statistical Interpretation
- 2.3: Entropy and Heat - Experimental Basis of the Second Law of Thermodynamics
- 2.7: The Third Law of Thermodynamics
- 2.9: Principles of Thermodynamics (Exercises)
Thumbnail: Dancing Flames of burning charcoal in the dark. (CC SA-BY 3.0; Oscar via Wikipedia).