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21.12: Additional Exercises

  • Page ID
    183147
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    General Review

    23-1 For each of the following reactions, predict the product. Then identify which one gives the kinetic product and which one gives the thermodynamic product. Explain your reasoning.

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    23-2 Predict the final product of the following reaction.

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    23-3 Explain why we obtain the products shown below as a result of the base catalyzed α-halogenation reaction, instead of a single or double halogenated product.

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    23-4 Identify the starting molecule of the aldol addition-condensation reaction that resulted in the final product below.

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    23-5 The following reaction is an example of an intramolecular aldol addition-condensation reaction. Given the aldol product, identify the starting molecule and the condensation product.

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    23-6 Provide the final product of the following reaction (for now, ignore any stereochemistry).

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    23-7 Predict the final product of the following reaction.

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    Enols and Enolate Ions

    23-8 Choose the correct IUPAC nomenclature of the product of the following reaction and provide its structure.

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    a) dibromo(4-methylphenyl)methanol

    b) 4-methylbenzoic acid

    c) 4-methylbenzoyl bromide

    d) bromo(4-methylphenyl)methanol

    23-9 Draw the mechanism for the following self-catalyzed halogenation reaction.

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    23-10 Predict the product of the following reaction.

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    Formation and Alkylation of Enamines

    23-11 Choose the correct IUPAC nomenclature for the product of the following reaction.

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    a) (2Z)-N,N-diethylpent-2-en-3-amine

    b) N,N-diethylpentan-3-amine

    c) 3-(diethylamino)pentan-3-ol

    d) Tetraethylhydrazine

    23-12 Predict the major products of the following reactions.

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    23-13 Predict the product of the following reaction.

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    Alpha Halogenation of Ketones

    23-14 Predict the product of the following reaction.

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    23-15 Draw the mechanism for the α-halogenation step of the ketone in problem 23-14.

    23-16 Provide the structures of the products of the following reactions.

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    Alpha Bromination of Acids: The HVZ Reaction

    23-17 Give the product of the following reaction.

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    23-18 Choose the correct IUPAC nomenclature of the product of the following reaction.

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    a) 1-chlorocyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid

    b) 1-bromocyclohexane-1-carbonyl chloride

    c) 1-chlorocyclohexane-1-carbonyl chloride

    d) 1-hydroxycyclohexane-1-carbonyl bromide

    23-19 Provide the structure and IUPAC nomenclature of the product of the following reaction.

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    The Aldol Condensation of Ketones and Aldehydes

    23-20 Give the structure of the product of the following aldol condensation reaction.

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    23-21 Predict the structure of the product of the following reaction.

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    23-22 Provide the structure of the product of the following reaction.

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    Dehydration of Aldol Products

    23-23 Choose the correct IUPAC nomenclature for the product of the following aldol condensation reaction.

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    a) 5-ethyl-4-methylheptan-3-one

    b) 5-ethyl-4-methylhept-4-en-3-one

    c) 5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-4-methylheptan-3-one

    d) (5Z)-5-ethyl-4-methylhept-5-en-3-one

    23-24 Provide the mechanism for the reaction to the answer for the previous question.

    23-25 For the following compounds, draw a possible product of the condensation step.

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    Crossed Aldol Condensations

    23-26 Provide the structure of the product of the following reaction.

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    23-27 Suggest the structures of the starting compounds that were reacted to create this final crossed aldol condensation product.

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    23-28 Provide the structures of all possible products of the following crossed aldol condensation reaction.

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    Aldol Cyclizations

    23-29 Provide the IUPAC name for the product of the following intramolecular aldol condensation reaction.

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    23-30 Identify the starting material used to create the following products of aldol cyclization.

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    23-31 Starting with a single diketone molecule, propose a method of synthesis for the following compound that includes an aldol cyclization step.

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    Claisen Condensations

    23-32 Predict the product of the following Claisen condensation reaction.

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    23-33 Predict the final product of the following reaction.

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    23-34 Provide the structure of the products of the following crossed Claisen condensation reactions.

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    Syntheses Using β-Dicarbonyl Compounds

    23-35 Give the structure and IUPAC nomenclature of the product of the following reaction.

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    23-36 Choose the correct IUPAC nomenclature of the product of the following reaction.

    KRVnrgS1Cb-N-pnuHQUunXbAg6NTiG1Z6JCWPWwyhb9K9XQSbE6fseQTLIWFMGOcrfcVvBuuPWFb4Q5YR_LvqZYjTXm7FvtdJJmWTxCkLIW_68Sl9JLKzQJfURN3EQWUEFDtojxx

    a_ 2,2,4,4-tetramethylpentan-3-one

    b) 2,2,4-trimethylpentan-3-one

    c) 2,4,4-trimethylpent-1-en-3-one

    d) 2,4,4-trimethyl-3-oxopentanoic acid

    23-37 Suggest a way to make (5-methylhexyl)benzene from 3-hydroxy-5-methylhexanoic acid.

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    Conjugate Additions: The Michael Reaction

    23-38 For the following pairs of compounds, identify the Michael acceptor and the Michael donor.

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    23-39 Predict the product of the following reaction chain.

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    23-40 Pick the answer that correctly names the product of the following Michael addition reaction.

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    a) 3-(ethylamino)butan-2-one

    b) 2-(ethylamino)butan-2-ol

    c) 4-(ethylamino)butan-2-one

    d) 4-(methylamino)butan-2-one

    The Robinson Annulation

    23-41 Predict a possible product of the following reactions.

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    23-42 Given the following compound, predict the Michael acceptor and donor that initially reacted to allow for the aldol condensation to occur.

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    23-43 Given the following Robinson annulation product, identify the intermediate compound that results from the Michael addition and exists before the aldol condensation.

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