3.E: Functional Groups (Exercises)

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Page ID: 338696

Tanesha Osborne
Georgia Southern University

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Additional Exercises

Identify each compound as an alcohol, a phenol, or an ether. Classify any alcohols as primary (1°), secondary (2°), or tertiary (3°).
1. CH₃CH₂CH₂OH
Identify each compound as an alcohol, a phenol, or an ether. Classify any alcohols as primary, secondary, or tertiary.
1. CH₃CH₂OCH₂CH₃
In addition to ethanol, the fermentation of grain produces other organic compounds collectively called fusel oils (FO). The four principal FO components are 1-propanol, isobutyl alcohol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, and 2-methyl-1-butanol. Draw a structure for each. (FO is quite toxic and accounts in part for hangovers.)
Draw and name the isomeric ethers that have the formula C₅H₁₂O.
Menthol is an ingredient in mentholated cough drops and nasal sprays. It produces a cooling, refreshing sensation when rubbed on the skin and so is used in shaving lotions and cosmetics. Thymol, the aromatic equivalent of menthol, is the flavoring constituent of thyme.
1. To what class of compounds does each belong?
2. Give an alternate name for thymol.
The amino acid cysteine has the formula HSCH₂CH(NH₂)COOH. What is the sulfur-containing functional group in the cysteine molecule?
The amino acid methionine has the formula CH₃SCH₂CH₂CH(NH₂)COOH. What is the sulfur-containing functional group are in methionine?
Tetrahydrocannabinol is the principal active ingredient in marijuana. What functional groups are present in this molecule?
Name each compound.
1. (CH₃CH₂)₃N
2. (CH₃CH₂)₂NCH₃
Draw the structure for each compound.
1. dimethylammonium chloride
2. anilinium chloride
Name each compound.
1. CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂OCH₃
2. CH₃CH₂OCH₂CH₂CH₃
Draw the structure for each compound.
1. methyl ethyl ether
2. diisopropyl ether
Draw the structure for each alcohol.
1. cyclopentanol
2. 4-methyl-2-hexanol
3. 4,5-dimethyl-3-heptanol