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Chemistry LibreTexts

20.6: Key Terms

  • Page ID
    452619
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    Example and Directions
    Words (or words that have the same definition)The definition is case sensitive(Optional) Image to display with the definition [Not displayed in Glossary, only in pop-up on pages](Optional) Caption for Image(Optional) External or Internal Link(Optional) Source for Definition
    (Eg. "Genetic, Hereditary, DNA ...")(Eg. "Relating to genes or heredity")The infamous double helix https://bio.libretexts.org/CC-BY-SA; Delmar Larsen
    Glossary Entries
    Word(s)DefinitionImageCaptionLinkSource
    addition reactionreaction in which a double carbon-carbon bond forms a single carbon-carbon bond by the addition of a reactant. Typical reaction for an alkene.    
    alcoholorganic compound with a hydroxyl group (–OH) bonded to a carbon atom    
    aldehydeorganic compound containing a carbonyl group bonded to two hydrogen atoms or a hydrogen atom and a carbon substituent    
    alkanemolecule consisting of only carbon and hydrogen atoms connected by single (σ) bonds    
    alkenemolecule consisting of carbon and hydrogen containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond    
    alkyl groupsubstituent, consisting of an alkane missing one hydrogen atom, attached to a larger structure    
    alkynemolecule consisting of carbon and hydrogen containing at least one carbon-carbon triple bond    
    amideorganic molecule that features a nitrogen atom connected to the carbon atom in a carbonyl group    
    amineorganic molecule in which a nitrogen atom is bonded to one or more alkyl group    
    aromatic hydrocarboncyclic molecule consisting of carbon and hydrogen with delocalized alternating carbon-carbon single and double bonds, resulting in enhanced stability    
    carbonyl groupcarbon atom double bonded to an oxygen atom    
    carboxylic acidorganic compound containing a carbonyl group with an attached hydroxyl group    
    esterorganic compound containing a carbonyl group with an attached oxygen atom that is bonded to a carbon substituent    
    etherorganic compound with an oxygen atom that is bonded to two carbon atoms    
    functional grouppart of an organic molecule that imparts a specific chemical reactivity to the molecule    
    ketoneorganic compound containing a carbonyl group with two carbon substituents attached to it    
    organic compoundnatural or synthetic compound that contains carbon    
    saturated hydrocarbonmolecule containing carbon and hydrogen that has only single bonds between carbon atoms    
    skeletal structureshorthand method of drawing organic molecules in which carbon atoms are represented by the ends of lines and bends in between lines, and hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon atoms are not shown (but are understood to be present by the context of the structure)    
    substituentbranch or functional group that replaces hydrogen atoms in a larger hydrocarbon chain    
    substitution reactionreaction in which one atom replaces another in a molecule    

    20.6: Key Terms is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts.

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