3.2: Nomenclature of Amines
- Page ID
- 272021
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Amines are derivatives of ammonia in which one or more of the hydrogens has been replaced by an alkyl or aryl group. The nomenclature of amines is complicated by the fact that several different nomenclature systems exist, and there is no clear preference for one over the others.
- The IUPAC system has adopted a nomenclature system in which the suffix -amine is attached to the root alkyl name. For 1º-amines such as butanamine (first example) this is analogous to IUPAC alcohol nomenclature (-ol suffix). For 2º and 3º-amines, we need to identity the longest carbon chain attached to the nitrogen atom, and that chain becomes the parent alkyl name. The other alkyl groups are designated by the prefix N- before the alkyl group name.
- In the common nomenclature system for simple amines, you must names each alkyl substituent on nitrogen in alphabetical order, followed by the suffix -amine. These are the names given in the last row
Aromatic amines are named as derivatives of aniline.
References
- William Reusch. Virtual Textbook of Organic Chemistry.