15.8: Appendix H- Standard Molar Thermodynamic Properties

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Howard DeVoe
University of Maryland

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The values in these tables are for a temperature of 298.15 K (25.00 $\degC$) and the standard pressure $p\st = 1\units{bar}$. Solute standard states are based on molality. A crystalline solid is denoted by cr.

Most of the values in this table come from a project of the Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA) to establish a set of recommended, internally consistent values of thermodynamic properties. The values of $\Delsub{f}H\st$ and $S\m\st$ shown with uncertainties are values recommended by CODATA (J. D. Cox, D. D. Wagman, and V. A. Medvedev, CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1989).

\begin{array}{lccc} \hline \textbf{Inorganic substance} & \boldsymbol{\D{\frac{\Delsub{f}H\st}{\textbf{kJ mol}^{-1}}}} & \boldsymbol{\D{\frac{S\m\st}{\textbf{J K}^{-1}\textbf{ mol}^{-1}}}} & \boldsymbol{\D{\frac{\Delsub{f}G\st}{\textbf{kJ mol}^{-1}}}} \\ \hline \tx{Ag(cr)} & 0 & 42.55\pm0.20 & 0 \\ \tx{AgCl(cr)} & -127.01\pm0.05 & 96.25\pm0.20 & -109.77 \\ \tx{C(cr, graphite)} & 0 & 5.74\pm0.10 & 0 \\ \tx{CO(g)} & -110.53\pm0.17 & 197.660\pm0.004 & -137.17 \\ \tx{CO$_2$(g)} & -393.51\pm0.13 & 213.785\pm0.010 & -394.41 \\ \tx{Ca(cr)} & 0 & 41.59\pm0.40 & 0 \\ \tx{CaCO$_3$(cr, calcite)} & -1206.9 & 92.9 & -1128.8 \\ \tx{CaO(cr)} & -634.92\pm0.90 & 38.1\pm0.4 & -603.31 \\ \tx{Cl$_2$(g)} & 0 & 223.081\pm0.010 & 0 \\ \tx{F$_2$(g)} & 0 & 202.791\pm0.005 & 0 \\ \tx{H$_2$(g)} & 0 & 130.680\pm0.003 & 0 \\ \tx{HCl(g)} & -92.31\pm0.10 & 186.902\pm0.005 & -95.30 \\ \tx{HF(g)} & -273.30\pm0.70 & 173.779\pm0.003 & -275.40 \\ \tx{HI(g)} & 26.50\pm0.10 & 206.590\pm0.004 & 1.70 \\ \tx{H$_2$O(l)} & -285.830\pm0.040 & 69.95\pm0.03 & -237.16 \\ \tx{H$_2$O(g)} & -241.826\pm0.040 & 188.835\pm0.010 & -228.58 \\ \tx{H$_2$S(g)} & -20.6\pm0.5 & 205.81\pm0.05 & -33.44 \\ \tx{Hg(l)} & 0 & 75.90\pm0.12 & 0 \\ \tx{Hg(g)} & 61.38\pm0.04 & 174.971\pm0.005 & 31.84 \\ \tx{HgO(cr, red)} & -90.79\pm0.12 & 70.25\pm0.30 & -58.54 \\ \tx{Hg$_2$Cl$_2$(cr)} & -265.37\pm0.40 & 191.6\pm0.8 & -210.72 \\ \tx{I$_2$(cr)} & 0 & 116.14\pm0.30 & 0 \\ \tx{K(cr)} & 0 & 64.68\pm0.20 & 0 \\ \tx{KI(cr)} & -327.90 & 106.37 & -323.03 \\ \tx{KOH(cr)} & -424.72 & 78.90 & -378.93 \\ \tx{N$_2$(g)} & 0 & 191.609\pm0.004 & 0 \\ \tx{NH$_3$(g)} & -45.94\pm0.35 & 192.77\pm0.05 & -16.41 \\ \tx{NO$_2$(g)} & 33.10 & 240.04 & 51.22 \\ \tx{N$_2$O$_4$(g)} & 9.08 & 304.38 & 97.72 \\ \tx{Na(cr)} & 0 & 51.30\pm0.20 & 0 \\ \tx{NaCl(cr)} & -411.12 & 72.11 & -384.02 \\ \tx{O$_2$(g)} & 0 & 205.152\pm0.005 & 0 \\ \tx{O$_3$(g)} & 142.67 & 238.92 & 163.14 \\ \tx{P(cr, white)} & 0 & 41.09\pm0.25 & 0 \\ \tx{S(cr, rhombic)} & 0 & 32.054\pm0.050 & 0 \\ \tx{SO$_2$(g)} & -296.81\pm0.20 & 248.223\pm0.050 & -300.09 \\ \tx{Si(cr)} & 0 & 18.81\pm0.08 & 0 \\ \tx{SiF$_4$(g)} & -1615.0\pm0.8 & 282.76\pm0.50 & -1572.8 \\ \tx{SiO$_2$(cr, $\alpha$-quartz)} & -910.7\pm1.0 & 41.46\pm0.20 & -856.3 \\ \tx{Zn(cr)} & 0 & 41.63\pm0.15 & 0 \\[1mm] \tx{ZnO(cr)} & -350.46\pm0.27 & 43.65\pm0.40 & -320.48 \\ \hline \end{array}

\begin{array}{lccc} \hline \textbf{Organic compound} & \boldsymbol{\D{\frac{\Delsub{f}H\st}{\textbf{kJ mol}^{-1}}}} & \boldsymbol{\D{\frac{S\m\st}{\textbf{J K}^{-1}\textbf{ mol}^{-1}}}} & \boldsymbol{\D{\frac{\Delsub{f}G\st}{\textbf{kJ mol}^{-1}}}} \\ \hline \tx{CH$_4$(g)} & -74.87 & 186.25 & -50.77 \\ \tx{CH$_3$OH(l)} & -238.9 & 127.2 & -166.6 \\ \tx{CH$_3$CH$_2$OH(l)} & -277.0 & 159.9 & -173.8 \\ \tx{C$_2$H$_2$(g)} & 226.73 & 200.93 & 209.21 \\ \tx{C$_2$H$_4$(g)} & 52.47 & 219.32 & 68.43 \\ \tx{C$_2$H$_6$(g)} & -83.85 & 229.6 & -32.00 \\ \tx{C$_3$H$_8$(g)} & -104.7 & 270.31 & -24.3 \\ \tx{C$_6$H$_6$(l, benzene)} & 49.04 & 173.26 & 124.54 \\ \hline \end{array}

\begin{array}{lccc} \hline \textbf{Ionic solute} & \boldsymbol{\D{\frac{\Delsub{f}H\st}{\textbf{kJ mol}^{-1}}}} & \boldsymbol{\D{\frac{S\m\st}{\textbf{J K}^{-1}\textbf{ mol}^{-1}}}} & \boldsymbol{\D{\frac{\Delsub{f}G\st}{\textbf{kJ mol}^{-1}}}} \\ \hline \tx{Ag$^+$(aq)} & 105.79\pm0.08 & 73.45\pm0.40 & 77.10 \\ \tx{CO$_3^{2-}$(aq)} & -675.23\pm0.25 & -50.0\pm1.0 & -527.90 \\ \tx{Ca$^{2+}$(aq)} & -543.0\pm1.0 & -56.2\pm1.0 & -552.8 \\ \tx{Cl$^-$(aq)} & -167.08\pm0.10 & 56.60\pm0.20 & -131.22 \\ \tx{F$^-$(aq)} & -335.35\pm0.65 & -13.8\pm0.8 & -281.52 \\ \tx{H$^+$(aq)} & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ \tx{HCO$_3^-$(aq)} & -689.93\pm2.0 & 98.4\pm0.5 & -586.90 \\ \tx{HS$^-$(aq)} & -16.3\pm1.5 & 67\pm 5 & 12.2 \\ \tx{HSO$_4^-$(aq)} & -886.9\pm1.0 & 131.7\pm3.0 & -755.4 \\ \tx{Hg$_2^{2+}$(aq)} & 166.87\pm0.50 & 65.74\pm0.80 & 153.57 \\ \tx{I$^-$(aq)} & -56.78\pm0.05 & 106.45\pm0.30 & -51.72 \\ \tx{K$^+$(aq)} & -252.14\pm0.08 & 101.20\pm0.20 & -282.52 \\ \tx{NH$_4^+$(aq)} & -133.26\pm0.25 & 111.17\pm0.40 & -79.40 \\ \tx{NO$_3^-$(aq)} & -206.85\pm0.40 & 146.70\pm0.40 & -110.84 \\ \tx{Na$^+$(aq)} & -240.34\pm0.06 & 58.45\pm0.15 & -261.90 \\ \tx{OH$^-$(aq)} & -230.015\pm0.040 & -10.90\pm0.20 & -157.24 \\ \tx{S$^{2-}$(aq)} & 33.1 & -14.6 & 86.0 \\ \tx{SO$_4^{2-}$(aq)} & -909.34\pm0.40 & 18.50\pm0.40 & -744.00 \\ \hline \end{array}