19.3: Review of Ketone and Aldehyde Synthesis

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So far this text has discussed aldehyde and ketone synthesis from the ozolysis of alkenes, hydration of alkynes, oxidation of alcohols, and Friedel-Crafts acylation of benzene rings.

Alkenes can be cleaved using ozone (O₃) to form aldehydes and/or ketones

Hydration of an alkyne to form aldehydes

Anti-Markovnikov addition of a hydroxyl group to an alkyne forms an aldehyde. The addition of a hydroxyl group to an alkyne causes tautomerization which subsequently forms a carbonyl.

Hydration of an alkyne to form ketones

The addition of a hydroxyl group to an alkyne causes tautomerization which subsequently forms a carbonyl. Markovnikov addition of a hydroxyl group to an alkyne forms a ketone.