1.33: Human Nutrition

Last updated
Save as PDF

Page ID: 125345

\( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\)

The suggested amount of fat in the American diet should be:
1. <50% of total calories
2. <40% of total calories
3. <35% of total calories
4. <10% of total calories
5. less than an individual’s plasma cholesterol.
The form of malnutrition in which there is a deficiency of protein but not total calories is called:
1. marasmus
2. kwashiorkor
3. essential malnutrition
4. based malnutrition
5. none of the above
Which of the following might not be considered an essential nutrient?
1. Lysine and methionine
2. Vitamin D
3. Linoleic and linolenic acids
4. Vitamin C
5. Vitamin A

Use the following Key to answer Questions 4-7

1, 2, and 3 are correct
1 and 3 are correct
2 and 4 are correct
only 4 is correct
all are correct

The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) defines:
1. The amount of money that an American family should spend in order to maintain an average diet.
2. The maximum amount of total calories that an individual should consume to maintain a healthy state.
3. The minimum amount of essential amino acids in a diet to maintain a healthy state.
4. Suggested dietary intake of a nutrient required to meet the needs of most healthy persons.
The following patients can be associated with an increased risk for malnutrition:
1. very-low birth weight
2. cancer patients
3. abdominal surgery patients
4. geriatric patients
Which of the following serum proteins are most useful as markers for malnutrition?
1. prealbumin
2. thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG)
3. albumin
4. gamma globulins
Chronic alcoholism is associated with a high risk for:
1. hypocalcemia
2. calorie malnutrition
3. hypercalcemia
4. protein malnutrition
Consequences of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) include all of the following EXCEPT:
1. Increased length of stay (LOS) in intensive care units of hospitals
2. Increased rate of infections
3. Increased use of medical resources
4. Increased death rates
5. Increased incidence of AIDS
The hypermetabolic state can be associated with all the following except:
1. Major burns
2. Peritonitis
3. Bone fractures
4. Diabetes mellitus
5. Major head trauma

Use the following Key to answer Questions 10-11

1, 2, and 3 are correct
1 and 3 are correct
2 and 4 are correct
only 4 is correct
all are correct

Under-nutrition and poor nutrition affect:
1. Children in developing countries
2. Adults in developing countries
3. Obese individuals
4. Institutionalized individuals
The hypermetabolic state can be associated with which of the following biochemical finding:
1. Negative nitrogen balance
2. Increased basal metabolic rate
3. Synthesis of acute phase proteins
4. Hypoglycemia

Answer

c (p. 699)
b (p. 698)
b (p. 696)
d (p. 696)
e (p. 699-701)
e. (p. 696-701)
a. (p. 697)