Solutions
- Page ID
- 11087
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For each molecule on the worksheet, the Lewis Dot Structure, the number of valence electrons, the electron arrangement (E.A.) and the molecular geometry (M.G.) are given, respectively. To see a larger view of the Lewis Dot Structure, point at the molecule, right click on the mouse and go to 'View image'.
Lewis Dot works best for covalent compounds of group A elements, though Lewis Dot Structures can explain electron transfer in ionic compounds. By following the rules below, the Lewis Dot Structure can be written for covalent compounds and some polyatomic ions.
- Count the total number of valence electrons, adjust for charge if an ion. Add one electron for each negative charge, subtract one electron for each positive charge.
- Place a pair of electrons between the central atom (usually written first) and each of the outer atoms.
- Complete the octet of the outer atoms (except H, which needs only 2 electrons).
- Place extra electrons, if any, on the central atom in pairs.
- If the central atom does not have a complete octet, share extra electrons from the outer atoms until the central atom and the outer atoms have a complete octet. Note: halides do not form double bonds.
PF5 | 40 electrons tbp tbp | CS2 | 16 electrons linear linear | BrO3- | 26 electrons Td trigonal pyr. |
NH4+ | 8 electrons Td Td | SCl4 | 34 electrons tbp see-saw | BrF5 | 42 electrons Oh square pyr. |
BF3 | 24 electrons trigonal planar trigonal planar | SCl6 | 48 electrons Oh Oh | PH3 | 8 electrons Td trigonal pyr. |
NF3 | 26 electrons Td trigonal pyr. | SO42- | 32 electrons Td Td | CO32- | 24 electrons trigonal planar trigonal planar |
SiCl4 | 32 electrons Td Td | ClO3- | 26 electrons Td trigonal pyr. | CH2O | 12 electrons trigonal planar trigonal planar |
NO3- | 24 electrons trigonal planar trigonal planar | O3 | 18 electrons trigonal planar bent | CCl4 | 32 electrons Td Td |
AlH3 | 6 electrons trigonal planar trigonal planar | SO2 | 18 electrons trigonal planar bent | SO3 | 24 electrons trigonal planar trigonal planar |
CO | 10 electrons linear linear | CHCl3 | 26 electrons Td Td | BrF3 | 28 electrons tbp T-shaped |
H2S | 8 electrons Td bent | I3- | 22 electrons tbp linear | H3O+ | 8 electrons Td trigonal pyr. |