Hopefully in the video you learned a little bit about the unique bonding properties of carbon.

Carbon forms covalent bonds with up to four other atoms. To take this a bit farther, we can even talk about the structure of these molecules. They can be straight chain, branched chain or a ring. 

Many carbon-based molecules are made of many small subunits that are bonded together. Monomers are the individual subunits and Polymers are made of many monomers.